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Sustainable development is the current concern for most of the countries of the world. When it comes to Australia, the very first steps towards sustainable development was taken by the country in the 1960’s when the environment related concern was first observed among the Australian citizens (Department of the Environment and Energy, 2019). Compared to other countries, Australia’s location forced this country to be more concerned about the environment. Mostly because, Australia is surrounded by oceans from all sides and the citizens had understood from the very beginning that they would have to keep the oceans safe. Ocean plays the role of a major source of income for Australia when it comes to the highly rick tourism industry. Additionally, Australia is also concerned about the safety of its wildlife which was also getting affected due to the increasing environmental pollution.
The more successful approach towards achieving sustainable development was taken by Australia in 1989 when the Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD) initiative was launched in the country (Department of the Environment and Energy, 2019). In this initiative all those industries in Australia were found which are responsible for the highest percentage of pollution in the country namely mining, manufacturing, tourism, transport and more. Some working groups were also formed whose main responsibility was to identify the major sources of pollution and also finding ways to decrease that pollution. These working groups had published their respective reports in 1991 where they have discussed all the problems and over 600 ways in which such problems can be resolved (Department of the Environment and Energy, 2019). This was one of the initial and most successful strategies taken by Australia towards sustainable development.
However, there are still some challenges which are becoming barriers in the way of sustainable development process of Australia. For example, the urban areas of Australia are still not properly concerned about the environmental initiatives. The level of environmental pollution is high in these areas due to increased emission of energy from the industries. Water pollution is also there in the urban areas due to the disposal of industry wastes in the water. In the urban areas of Australia, a high percentage of households have their own private cars and this further increases pollution in these areas. The Australian policy makers are concerned about these factors and they are planning to take proper steps to decrease these issues.
Australia is among those few countries of the world which has great bio diversity and the country is required to protect this bio-diversity in an efficient manner. The country is responsible for preserving the oceans, the wildlife and sanctuary, agricultural aspect and more. The country has always been making efforts towards preserving these factors. However, in the urban areas, preserving bio-diversity is still a challenge considering the high level of pollution from industries and transports (Department of the Environment and Energy, 2019).
Hence, in order to conclude the discussion, it should be stated that Australia has always been active compared to the other countries when it comes to sustainable development and environmental protection. However, there are some serious constraints and they should be addressed to improve the scenario further.
References
Department of the Environment and Energy. (2019). Department of the Environment and Energy. Available at: http://www.environment.gov.au/node/13078 [Accessed 13 Feb. 2019].
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